Functional Testing :Definition , Types , Techniques etc

Functional testing is a software testing technique that tests features and functionality of the Software under test, by providing inputs and evaluating outputs. The goal of functional testing is to verify the features and functionalities of the software system as per the intended purpose.

Aimed at testing the functionality as described in requirement documents

It is basically defined as a type of testing which verifies that each function of the software application works in conformance with the requirement and specification.

Functional Testing can be performed both manually and with automation tools.

- - It determines what the product is capable of.
  - It is conducted on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system’s compliance with its specified requirements.
  - This testing involves checking of user interface, APIs, Database, security, client/ server applications and functionality of the application under test.

Functional Test mainly involves

- - Verifying the main functionalities and basic functions
  - Verifying User Interface
  - Verifying correct data storing in database
  - Verifying end to end work flows
  - Verifying business scenarios

Process to do Functional Test:

- - Get clear understanding of Functional Requirements
  - Identify test data based on requirements and prepare the test data
  - Prepare test cases and compute the expected outcomes with selected test input values
  - Execute test cases
  - Compare actual and computed expected results
  - Raise defects in case there is any variance in the results

Functional Testing Techniques

There are two major techniques as shown below:

1. 1. White Box Techniques
  2. Black Box Techniques

Types of Functional Testing:

Why automate Functional Tests?

- - - Automated functional software testing is crucial for faster software release cycles and it verifies that the application is bug-free and ready for release
    - Automation can certainly reduce time and effort in executing functional test cases. Human error can also be lowered, removing bugs from slipping past the test phase.
    - Reduces the risks and losses associated with the web app/software product.

Functional Testing Tools:

1. 1. 1. Selenium (Open Source testing Tool)
    2. Ranorex Studio – All-in-one functional test automation for desktop, web, and mobile apps with built-in Selenium WebDriver.
    3. QTP *( Functional Test tool by HP)
    4. JUnit (testing framework , mainly used for JAVA applications)
    5. SoapUI ( open-source testing tool, mainly used for Web service testing. It supports multiple protocols such as HTTP, SOAP etc)

Functional testing is an essential part of software testing and helps to ensure that the software system meets the desired functionality and performance requirements. Using different types and techniques of functional testing can help to identify potential issues and defects early in the development cycle, leading to cost savings and improved software quality.

Tutorials Hut

Testing Foundation